Techno-economic assessment and operational CO2 emissions of High-Temperature Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (HT-ATES) using demand-driven and subsurface-constrained dimensioning

High-Temperature – Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (HT-ATES) can significantly increase Renewable Sources (RES) capacity and storage temperature levels compared to traditional ATES, while improving efficiency. Combined assessment of subsurface performance surface District Heating Networks (DHN) is key, but poses challenges for dimensioning, energy flow matching, techno-economic the joint system. We present a novel methodology dimensioning an HT-ATES system combining subsurface, DHN, operational CO 2 emissions, economics. Subsurface thermo-hydraulic simulations consider aquifer properties (thickness, permeability, porosity, depth, dip, artesian conditions groundwater hydraulic gradient) parameters (well pattern cut-off temperature). Subject constraints, permeability thickness are major control variables. Transmissivity ?2.5 × 10 ?12 m3 required keep Levelised Cost Of Heat (LCOH) below 200 CHF/MWh ?25 MW needed compete with other large-scale DHN heat sources. Addition Pumps (HP) increases LCOH, also nominal yields higher cumulative avoided emissions. The presented exemplifies connection planning purposes opens-up possibility their fully-coupled in site-specific assessments.